Rheumatic Fever
A systemic, febrile disease that is inflammatory & non-suppurative in nature & variable in severity, duration & sequelae. It is acute febrile illness following streptococcal sore throat & characterised by fleeting arthritis, pancarditis, leucocytosis & raised ESR. Following a streptococcal infection the patient will experience the sudden occurrence of fever & joint pain; this is the most common type of onset. Rheumatic fever may occur without any sign or symptom of joint involvement. Acute rheumatic fever usually affects children (5-15years) or young adults. ETIOLOGY of Rheumatic Fever • Streptococcal-A infection. PREDISPOSING FACTORS • Age: 5-15 years • Sex: more common in females. • Malnutrition. • Genetic predisposition noted. • Over crowding. • Poor sanitation. • Cold weather. CLINICAL FEATURES of Rheumatic Fever 1) Prodormal phase: Tonsillitis or sore throat 1-4 weeks prior to onset of acute rheumatic fever. Vague prodromata include GROWING PAINS, anorexia, pallor, fatigability & nervous irritability & low grade febrile attacks. 2) Latent period: When antibodies to the preceding streptococcal infection are produced. May vary in length from a few days to several weeks. 3) Phase of onset of acute rheumatic fever. SYMPTOMS • History of sore throat over last 2 weeks. • Fever with chill. • [...]